硬碟切割

1.環境
vmware
CentOs 7
SCSI 硬碟兩個
2.查看第二顆硬碟
 # dmesg | grep sdb
[    1.900292] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB)
[    1.900318] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[    1.900320] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 61 00 00 00
[    1.900365] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] Cache data unavailable
[    1.900367] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[    1.900869]  sdb: unknown partition table
[    1.901051] sd 0:0:2:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
3.使用 FDISK 初始化新的硬碟 
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6e7f6545.

命令 (m 以獲得說明):m
命令動作
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

命令 (m 以獲得說明):n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
分割區編號 (1-4, default 1):
起初 sector (2048-41943039, 預設 2048):
使用預設值 2048
最後 sector, +sectors 或 +大小{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, 預設 41943039):+3G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set

命令 (m 以獲得說明):n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
分割區編號 (2-4, default 2):
起初 sector (6293504-41943039, 預設 6293504):
使用預設值 6293504
最後 sector, +sectors 或 +大小{K,M,G} (6293504-41943039, 預設 41943039):+10G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

命令 (m 以獲得說明):n
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): e
分割區編號 (3,4, default 3):
起初 sector (27265024-41943039, 預設 27265024):
使用預設值 27265024
最後 sector, +sectors 或 +大小{K,M,G} (27265024-41943039, 預設 41943039):
使用預設值 41943039
Partition 3 of type Extended and of size 7 GiB is set

命令 (m 以獲得說明):p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O 大小 (最小/最佳化):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
Disk label type: dos
磁碟識別碼:0x6e7f6545

所用裝置 開機      開始         結束      區塊   識別號  系統
/dev/sdb1            2048     6293503     3145728   83  Linux
/dev/sdb2         6293504    27265023    10485760   83  Linux
/dev/sdb3        27265024    41943039     7339008    5  Extended

命令 (m 以獲得說明):t
分割區編號 (1-3, default 3): 2
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'

命令 (m 以獲得說明):p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O 大小 (最小/最佳化):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
Disk label type: dos
磁碟識別碼:0x6e7f6545

所用裝置 開機      開始         結束      區塊   識別號  系統
/dev/sdb1            2048     6293503     3145728   83  Linux
/dev/sdb2         6293504    27265023    10485760   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3        27265024    41943039     7339008    5  Extended
命令 (m 以獲得說明):d
分割區編號 (1-3, default 3): 3
Partition 3 is deleted

命令 (m 以獲得說明):p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O 大小 (最小/最佳化):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
Disk label type: dos
磁碟識別碼:0x6e7f6545

所用裝置 開機      開始         結束      區塊   識別號  系統
/dev/sdb1            2048     6293503     3145728   83  Linux
/dev/sdb2         6293504    27265023    10485760   82  Linux swap / Solaris

命令 (m 以獲得說明):w
分割表已變更!

呼叫 ioctl() 以重新讀取分割表。
同步磁碟。

4.分割完需格式化才能被使用
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
196608 inodes, 786432 blocks
39321 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368
24 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
5.掛載
# mkdir -p /home/sdb #掛載的目的地
# df -T #sdb1尚未被掛載
檔案系統                類型      1K-區段    已用     可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs      18307072 1103332 17203740    7% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs   490712       0   490712    0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668       0   500668    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668    6824   493844    2% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668       0   500668    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs        508588  125088   383500   25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs      100136       0   100136    0% /run/user/0
# mount /dev/sdb1 /home/sdb/
# df -T
檔案系統                類型      1K-區段    已用     可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs      18307072 1103332 17203740    7% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs   490712       0   490712    0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668       0   500668    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668    6824   493844    2% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs      500668       0   500668    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs        508588  125088   383500   25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs      100136       0   100136    0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1               ext4      3030800    9216  2847916    1% /home/sdb
5.開機掛載 
 # vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1       /home/sdb1/     ext4    defaults        0       0 #自行新增

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